Jean Carolus was most prolific between 1855 and 1880 (leading one to surmise that he was born in the 1830s), studied under Navez and traveled extensively through France and painted interior scenes in a tight, precise manner.  Holding Court  is a wonderful example of this style (hommage to the 18th Century) as it was presented by Messionier (France), Detti (Italy), Hamza (Austria), Seiler (Germany) and Madou (Belgium).  The museum d’Ypres has Carolus’s Une partie de billard sous Louis XV.